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Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, begins in the large intestine (colon) or the rectum (end of the colon). It typically starts as small, benign clumps of cells called polyps, which over time can become cancerous. Early detection through screening methods like colonoscopies is crucial, as it significantly improves the prognosis. Symptoms often appear once the cancer has advanced, making regular screening important for those at higher risk. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking can help reduce the risk of colon cancer.