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Hemi Arch Replacement Treatment in India

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Dr Yugal Kishore Mishra
Dr Yugal Kishore Mishra

Chief & Head - Ctvs

CONSULTS AT

Manipal Hospital, New Delhi

EXPEREIENCE :
32 years
SURGERIES :
12000+

Treatment Starting at $3,000

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Treatment Starting at $3,000

Dr Yugal Kishore Mishra
Dr Yugal Kishore Mishra

Chief & Head - Ctvs

CONSULTS AT

Manipal Hospital, New Delhi

EXPEREIENCE :
32 years
SURGERIES :
12000+

Introduction:

Hemi arch replacement, also known as hemiarch replacement, is a complex surgical procedure performed to treat certain conditions affecting the ascending aorta and aortic arch. The aorta is the largest artery in the body, responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. When a section of the aortic arch is diseased or damaged, it can lead to life-threatening complications. Hemi arch replacement involves replacing the affected part of the aorta with a synthetic graft to restore proper blood flow and prevent further complications. In this article, we will explore the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment options, the cost of hemi arch replacement in India, and conclude with its significance in cardiovascular surgery.

Symptoms:

The symptoms of conditions requiring hemi arch replacement can vary based on the underlying cause and the extent of aortic involvement. Common symptoms include:

1. Chest pain or discomfort: Pain may radiate to the back or neck.

2. Shortness of breath: Especially during physical activity or lying flat.

3. Fatigue and weakness.

4. Rapid, irregular heartbeat or palpitations.

5. Dizziness or fainting spells.

6. Hoarseness: Compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve due to aortic enlargement.

7. Difficulty swallowing: Compression of the esophagus.

Causes:

Hemi arch replacement is typically indicated for the following conditions:

1. Aortic Aneurysm: A bulging and weakened area of the aortic wall can lead to an aortic aneurysm. If the aneurysm involves the aortic arch, surgical intervention may be necessary to prevent rupture.

2. Aortic Dissection: Aortic dissection occurs when there is a tear in the inner lining of the aorta, leading to the separation of its layers. This can be life-threatening and may necessitate hemi arch replacement to repair the damaged section.

3. Aortic Valve Disease: Severe aortic valve disease, such as aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation, can lead to aortic root enlargement and involvement of the aortic arch, requiring surgical correction.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosing conditions that may require hemi arch replacement involves a comprehensive evaluation by a cardiologist and may include the following:

1. Imaging Tests: Echocardiogram, CT scan, or MRI may be used to visualize the aorta and assess its size, shape, and involvement of the aortic arch.

2. Angiography: This invasive procedure involves injecting a contrast dye into the arteries to visualize blood flow and detect any abnormalities.

3. Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE): A specialized echocardiogram that provides detailed images of the heart and aorta through the esophagus.

4. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): This test records the heart's electrical activity, helping identify irregular heart rhythms.

Treatment:

Hemi arch replacement is a major surgical procedure that involves several steps:

1. Anaesthesia: The patient is placed under general anesthesia, ensuring they are unconscious and pain-free during the surgery.

2. Incision: The surgeon makes an incision in the chest to access the aorta and aortic arch.

3. Cannulation: Tubes (cannulas) are inserted into the heart to divert blood flow to a heart-lung machine, allowing the surgeon to work on a bloodless, still heart.

4. Cooling: The body temperature is lowered to protect the brain and other organs during the period of reduced blood flow.

5. Hemi Arch Replacement: The diseased portion of the aorta and aortic arch is removed and replaced with a synthetic graft.

6. Rewarming and Reperfusion: The body is gradually warmed, and blood flow is restored to the heart.

7. Closure: The incision is closed with sutures or staples, and the surgical site is dressed appropriately.

Recovery from hemi arch replacement may take several weeks, and patients will be closely monitored during this period.

Cost of Hemi Arch Replacement in India:

The cost of hemi arch replacement in India can vary depending on factors such as the hospital's location, the complexity of the surgery, the surgeon's experience, and the patient's overall health condition. India's healthcare system offers high-quality medical services at a significantly lower cost compared to many other countries, making it a sought-after destination for medical tourism. The cost-effectiveness, coupled with the availability of skilled cardiac surgeons and advanced medical facilities, makes India an attractive choice for patients seeking hemi arch replacement and other cardiovascular procedures.

Conclusion:

Hemi arch replacement is a complex and potentially life-saving surgical procedure used to treat certain conditions affecting the ascending aorta and aortic arch. It provides an effective solution for patients with aortic aneurysms, aortic dissections, and severe aortic valve diseases involving the aortic arch. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are crucial for successful outcomes. India's healthcare system offers access to high-quality cardiac care at a fraction of the cost compared to many other countries, making it an excellent option for patients seeking advanced cardiovascular treatments like hemi arch replacement. Continued advancements in surgical techniques and medical technology are expected to further improve patient outcomes and contribute to the success of hemi arch replacement as a valuable therapeutic option in cardiovascular surgery.

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FAQs

Hemi arch replacement is a surgical procedure to replace the ascending aorta and the proximal portion of the aortic arch. The procedure is performed through a median sternotomy, or incision in the chest. A graft is used to replace the diseased section of the aorta.
The indications for hemi arch replacement include: · Aneurysm of the ascending aorta or proximal aortic arch · Aortic dissection involving the ascending aorta or proximal aortic arch · Rupture of the ascending aorta or proximal aortic arch
The risks of hemi arch replacement include: · Bleeding · Infection · Heart rhythm problems · Stroke · Death
A good candidate for hemi arch replacement is someone who has an aneurysm or dissection of the ascending aorta or proximal aortic arch that is large enough to pose a risk of rupture. The patient should also be in good overall health and able to tolerate the surgery.
The procedure is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the chest and exposes the heart. The diseased section of the aorta is then removed and replaced with a graft. The graft is sewn in place using sutures.
The procedure typically takes 3-5 hours to perform.
The recovery time for hemi arch replacement varies from person to person. Most patients are able to go home from the hospital within 7-10 days after surgery.

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